What kind of bonds do atoms have when they share electrons?

Covalent.

There are several important types.

  1. Covalent bond ‘normal’ where all the electrons in the atoms are shared
  2. Polar covalent bonds where the atoms involved do not share equally many electrons. An example is water.
  3. A dative covalent bonds is the sharing of two electrons from one atom. Normally, each atom contributes one electron to form a bond pairing.

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